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Topic-shaped analysis of the day's editorials for the RPSC RAS Mains, dated 7 July 2026.
Recurring integrity concerns around NEET-UG have reopened the debate on India's centralised examination framework — and the uncomfortable trade-off at its heart: paper-based exams are leak-prone, while computer-based testing (CBT) cannot yet seat everyone.
Mains question (10 marks): Repeated paper leaks have turned public examinations from instruments of meritocracy into sources of systemic distrust. Critically examine the structural vulnerabilities of India's centralised examination framework and suggest a phased reform roadmap.
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COP30 — the 30th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC — met at Belém, Brazil (10–22 November 2025), marking ten years of the Paris Agreement. Billed as the first 'implementation COP' and the first held in the Amazon, its outcomes are now shaping the 2026 climate-finance and NDC debates.
Mains question (10 marks): COP30 at Belém was billed as the first 'implementation COP' of the Paris era. Critically evaluate its major outcomes against this promise, and discuss their significance for India's climate priorities.
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The CAG's third report on state finances — 'State Finances 2024-25: Decadal Analysis' — consolidates the fiscal accounts of all 28 states over 2014-15 to 2024-25. Its striking claim: the combined expenditure of states now exceeds that of the Union government, and what states spend on matters more for growth than how much.
Mains question (10 marks): 'It is not the size of a state's budget but the quality and composition of its expenditure that determines growth.' Discuss in the light of the CAG's decadal analysis of state finances (2014-25), with reference to the fiscal challenges of states like Rajasthan.
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